What standard of proof applies to a frisk?

The standard of proof that applies to a frisk is reasonable suspicion. In order for a law enforcement officer to conduct a frisk, they must have a specific and articulable belief based on the totality of the circumstances that the individual is involved in criminal activity and may be armed and dangerous. This standard is less stringent than probable cause, which is required for arrests and search warrants, and reflects the need for officers to ensure their safety during an encounter with a suspect. The concept of reasonable suspicion allows officers to take preventive measures, such as a frisk, in situations where there is a valid concern for their safety or the safety of others, without needing to meet the higher threshold of probable cause.