What law addresses the rights of individuals against self-incrimination?

The Fifth Amendment of the United States Constitution specifically addresses the rights of individuals against self-incrimination. This amendment states that no person "shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself," ensuring that individuals have the right to refuse to answer questions or provide testimony that could potentially incriminate themselves in a criminal case. This protection is fundamental to the justice system, allowing individuals to avoid self-incrimination during legal proceedings, thus promoting the principle that it is the government's responsibility to prove a person's guilt, not the individual's responsibility to prove their innocence. This constitutional safeguard is a vital part of the due process rights afforded to individuals in the United States.

The other amendments listed do not focus on the right against self-incrimination. The Sixth Amendment pertains to the rights of accused persons in criminal trials, such as the right to counsel and a fair trial. The Seventh Amendment addresses the right to a jury trial in civil cases, while the Eighth Amendment protects individuals from excessive bail, fines, and cruel and unusual punishments. Each amendment plays a unique role in the rights of individuals under the law, but the Fifth Amendment is specifically designated for the protection against self-incrimination.