What court decision established the Stop and Frisk law?

The decision in Terry v. Ohio established the legal precedent for "Stop and Frisk" practices by law enforcement. This landmark case addressed the balance between an individual’s Fourth Amendment rights against unreasonable searches and seizures and the need for police to ensure their safety and the safety of others during police encounters.

In Terry v. Ohio, the Supreme Court ruled that police officers may stop a suspect on the street and perform a limited search (frisk) for weapons if they have a reasonable suspicion that the person is armed and poses a threat to their safety. This ruling set forth the standard that law enforcement must have specific and articulable facts that would lead a reasonable officer to suspect that a crime is about to occur, or is occurring, which justified the stop and limited pat-down of an individual.

The other cases listed focus on different aspects of constitutional law. For instance, Miranda v. Arizona centers on the rights of the accused during custodial interrogations, Gideon v. Wainwright addresses the right to counsel, and Roe v. Wade deals with a woman's right to privacy in reproductive choices. Each of these cases is important in its own right but does not pertain to the standards or practices governing "Stop and Frisk."